Meta-analytic studies of second language (L2) learning typically employ a classic approach to meta-analysis. Although the classic approach can clarify findings, a multivariate, multilevel meta-analysis (3M) approach increases transparency by accounting for (a) dependencies in the evidence presented by primary studies, (b) methodological…

This paper puts forward a research agenda in the area of explicit and implicit knowledge and learning of second or additional languages. Based on a brief overview of reliable findings as well as open questions in the field, three agenda items are highlighted. First, valid and reliable measures of explicit and, in particular, implicit knowledge and…

Against the backdrop of greater emphasis on learner centredness and growing attention to learners' voices in recent decades, concerns have been raised over researchers' dominance in shaping research scope and findings. Whether it be quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods research, learners' voices are mostly absent at the methodological…

This guide offers a comprehensive handbook to scientific research methodology and experimental design, specifically for novice MA and PhD researchers in Education and Language Learning (TESOL/TEFL). It establishes scientific research as a systematic, objective inquiry focused on identifying cause-and-effect relationships through empirical data.…

This systematic review synthesizes recent trends in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) research, examining 149 empirical studies published in Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) journals between 2014 and 2023. Employing a six-dimensional coding framework, we investigated participants, pedagogical methods, research methods, research foci,…

The enormous developments in technology and hence the widespread use of hand-held devices in the last few decades have led to great interest in mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) as a new way of language education. MALL is considered an effective method particularly for young language learners due to their higher level of familiarity with…

This study aims to obtain data and information about the effectiveness and practicality of YouTube in learning German speaking for second-semester students of the German language education study program in terms of learning outcomes and student responses. This study was experimental research, and the experimental model used was a pre-experimental…