The purpose of this paper is to elaborate and comment on some themes related to construct validity, construct choice, and construct respecification in the Campbellian validity system. It is argued that Reichardt's [(2008, November). An alternative to the Campbellian conceptualization of validity. (Paper presentation). Evaluation 2008 Conference,…

School start regulations allocate children born immediately either side of a given date to different life paths: those slightly older starting school a full year earlier. School effectiveness literature exploits this to estimate causal effects described as 'the absolute effect of schooling' or 'the effect of an additional year's schooling', using…

There is a longstanding debate on whether the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or the change score approach is more appropriate when analyzing non-experimental longitudinal data. In this article, we use a structural modeling perspective to clarify that the ANCOVA approach is based on the assumption that all relevant covariates are measured (i.e.,…

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) aims to improve its education sector by recruiting qualified and diverse student teachers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the factors affecting student motivation to enroll in colleges of education. Using simple random sampling, a total of 199 consenting students were recruited to participate in this…

Racism impacts the lives of students who identify as Black, Indigenous, or People of Color (BIPOC) in a myriad of ways. It is important that future teachers go beyond individual acts of racism to understand how racism operates as a system. To this end, we designed and implemented a statistical investigation with 13 preservice teachers using real…

Contextual, identity, and cultural factors are not only associated with student outcomes but can also serve to moderate the effects of interventions. However, the conventional analysis of moderation commonly used in school psychology is subject to the selection bias potentially introducing bias into estimated moderator effects. This article…