This paper explores the relationship between educational technologies and public education, discussing issues of technology becoming an end in itself, the impact of learner access to knowledge, technology's role in assessment, requisite skills for a technological society, and the technology's capacity to inform policy and practice. While…

This study analyses changes in students' perceptions of online examinations during the transition from a face-to-face to a fully online assessment system. We compare data from a survey administered to two samples of students at a distance learning university at the end of two consecutive academic years in which a new online examination system was…

Cheating in online exams without face-to-face proctoring has been a general concern for academic instructors during the crisis caused by COVID-19. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the cost of these dishonest practices by comparing the academic performance of webcam-proctored students and their unproctored peers in an online gradable test.…

Technology has become a fundamental means to encourage reliable and more effective assessments. Rapid technological developments have led to the widespread use of digital platforms and devices in all aspects of life. Educational institutions worldwide had to take advantage of this technological leap during pandemics such as COVID-19, which changed…

This article describes the 2022 "ITC/ATP Guidelines for Technology-Based Assessment" (TBA), a collaborative effort by the International Test Commission (ITC) and the Association of Test Publishers (ATP) to address digital assessment challenges. Developed by over 100 global experts, these "Guidelines" emphasize fairness,…

Manual composition of tasks and exams is a challenging and time-consuming task. Especially when exams are taken remotely without the personal monitoring by examiners, most exams can easily lose their integrity with the use of previously done exercises or student communication. This research introduces an approach that incorporates the principles…

Purpose: This study aims to develop a model for readiness measurement and to study readiness levels for online testing of undergraduate students in Thailand's distance education programs. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 870 undergraduate students enrolled in the 2022 academic year of a Thai university were sampled for the study. The samples…

The integration of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) into educational settings offers unprecedented opportunities to enhance the efficiency of teaching and the effectiveness of learning, particularly within online platforms. This study evaluates the development and application of a customized GAI-powered teaching assistant, trained…

Remote or online proctoring (invigilating) is a technology primarily used to improve the integrity of online examinations. The use of remote proctoring increased significantly as the world switched to online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote proctoring received negative media attention, including concerns about user privacy,…

This investigation elucidates the adoption and integration of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies within educational assessments, focusing on the distinctions between pre-service and in-service teachers. Leveraging an integrated theoretical framework that combines the General Extended Technology Acceptance Model for…

The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of 2020 disrupted and changed higher education across the world, and into the future. Campuses were shut down, almost overnight. International and State borders were closed and business models that relied heavily on high-paying international students collapsed. University leaders and…

The purpose of this study is to determine and compare how undergraduate students' attitudes towards on-line exams vary depending on gender and some technological variables. This study was carried out by using a survey method. As data collection tool, the Undergraduate Students Attitude Scale Towards On-line Exams which consists of 21 items, each…

Today, education is facing a new reality in which technology and new teaching methods are being quickly introduced into educational systems and institutions. Educational institutions are now dealing with the challenge of providing continuity to e-learning, turning it into a more flexible and up-to-date field, and considering assessment as a…

The digital transformation of education is greatly accelerating in various computer-supported applications. As a particularly prominent application of the human-machine interactive system, intelligent learning systems aim to capture users' current intentions and provide recommendations through real-time feedback. However, we have a limited…

Academic misconduct is a growing problem in online education. While there are ways to curb academic misconduct in online exams, utilization of technology to proctor online exams in a simple manner in limited-resource settings remain unclear. This study set out to identify a reliable technique for utilizing webcam footage to identify instances of…