This article addresses argumentation in middle-school students' group work with conjectures in arithmetic with different epistemic states. Twenty-five episodes were analysed using G. J. Stylianides' framework for reasoning and proving, which comprised a mathematical, psychological, and pedagogical component. The mathematical component was studied…

We present a case study of proving by three 12-13-year-old students with different levels of mathematical giftedness. After analysing students' proofs, we conclude that: there was a relation on the consistency and the students' levels of mathematically giftedness, being the least consistent the student not mathematically gifted and the most…

The integration of technology in entrepreneurship arithmetic that uses realistic mathematic education as the basis into learning processes is instrumental in creating understanding and problem-solving abilities among students. However, until recently only a few technology-based learning media have been developed to accommodate the aforementioned…