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Rahel Schmid; Robbert Smit; Nicolas Robin; Alexander Strahl – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2025
Background: Students make many errors in visual programming. In order to learn from these, it is important that students regulate their emotions and view errors as learning opportunities. Aims: This study aimed to explore to what extent momentary emotions, specifically enjoyment, anxiety and boredom, as well as the error learning orientation of…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Emotional Response, Learning Processes, Error Patterns
Experiencing Enjoyment in Visual Programming Tasks Promotes Self-Efficacy and Reduces the Gender Gap
Robbert Smit; Rahel Schmid; Nicolas Robin – British Journal of Educational Technology, 2025
Secondary school students (N = 269) participated in a daylong visual programming course held in a stimulating environment for start-up enterprises. The tasks were application-oriented and partly creative. For example, a wearable device with light-emitting diodes, (ie, LEDs) could be applied to a T-shirt and used for optical messages. Our research…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, Gender Differences, Prediction, Student Attitudes

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