Synchrony, or the timing of information as it is exchanged between participants, has garnered increasing study in online learning. Within this domain is bichronous online learning (BOL), the blending of asynchronous and synchronous elements within one learning environment. Some research has identified mobile instant messaging as quasi-synchronous…

Collaboration scripts are widely employed in online collaborative learning to enhance student engagement and facilitate collaboration. However, the optimal level of scripting remains a subject of debate. This study aims to address this issue by designing and developing different types of collaborative scripts implemented through conversational…

Studies on cyberbullying recognize that peer group pressure can activate certain moral disengagement mechanisms that promote the perpetration of aggressive behaviors online. The objectives of this research were to analyze the association of peer group pressure with cyberaggression and to test the mediation effect of different moral disengagement…

This paper reports on a study aiming at examining whether online argumentation enhance the teacher candidates' scientific habits of mind (SHOM). The study was carried out as a pre-experimental design including pre and post-test. Scientific Habits of Mind scale, interviews and written arguments were used as data collection tools. Google Classroom,…

An in-depth analysis of collaborative problem solving (CPS) patterns contributes to understand team dynamics and effective paths to conflict resolution. However, there remains the lack of a perspective in the field of CPS research that organically combines the cognitive, meta-cognitive, and social-communicative dimensions. Moreover, the analysis…

Moral disengagement is a cognitive mechanism that seeks to avoid the feeling of guilt in the face of transgressive behaviors and seems to be present in behaviors such as cyberbullying, cybergossip or bullying in adolescence. Few studies have explored this connection in the primary school years, even though gossip, bullying and cyberbullying are…

Engaging students in learning activities is the main responsibility of teacher. The responsibility becomes more challenging when we approach the teaching and learning process through an online platform. Students at all levels, from elementary schools to graduate need to have some specific engagement arrangements in virtual or online platform for…

This study aims to investigate the effects of competition through a digital leaderboard in gamified online discussions on learners' behavioral and cognitive engagement in learning. Twenty-three graduate students pursuing master's degree in instructional technology in a public university in Indonesia were involved in a five-week quasi-experiment (N…

This study leverages the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework to investigate the effects of teacher and technical support (TCHS) on learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) in artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts, considering the mediating effects of learners' artificial intelligence literacy…

This study investigates student interaction and engagement in Twitter-supported collaborative learning, focusing on cognitive and socio-emotional processes, their evolution, and their impact on knowledge construction and group project outcomes within a higher education flipped classroom context. Utilising mixed methods analysis, including…

Artificial intelligence (AI) driven chatbots provide instant feedback to support learning. Yet, the impacts of different feedback types on behavior and brain activation remain underexplored. We investigated how metacognitive, affective, and neutral feedback from an educational chatbot affected learning outcomes and brain activity using functional…

This study examines the impact of instructor presence on cognitive load and learning outcomes in video-based learning environments, addressing a significant gap in optimising instructional design for digital education. Utilising eyetracking technology to measure pupil dilation, a reliable proxy for cognitive load, this research compares three…

Online discussion forums are crucial educational tools that facilitate interaction between students and teachers. We created an online discussion forum, with the teacher serving as the moderator. 58 posts and 1,955 comments were collected. We analysed these data through Latent Dirichlet Allocation to determine word cooccurrence and extract key…

This study examines the impact of feedback assisted by generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on the dynamics and outcomes of online inquiry-based discussions (IBDs) in a higher education context. Specifically, it compares two distinct feedback types powered by GAI: idea-oriented and task-oriented. The study involved 105 preservice teachers from…

The "community of inquiry" framework examines the interplay between four kinds of presence (teaching, cognitive, social, and learner) to promote effective learning in online education. This paper investigates the impact of "instructor participation" ("IP"), a key component of "teaching presence," on student…