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Direct linkMichael C. Robbins; Zhuping Li – Field Methods, 2025
The Nolan Index (NI) is a normed, quantitative measure for comparing the degree of resemblance (similarity or dissimilarity) between free listings with an Excel program for calculating it. This article enhances that effort with the addition of an R program and additional applications. Free-list resemblance measures have been used to investigate…
Descriptors: Computation, Norm Referenced Tests, Comparative Analysis, Spreadsheets
Download full textHasan Alisoy; Zarifa Sadigzade – Educational Process: International Journal, 2025
Background/purpose: This study provides a comparative review of mobile applications and traditional classroom methods in English vocabulary acquisition. It explores whether mobile-assisted vocabulary learning (MAVL) results in better retention, engagement, and productive vocabulary use among ESL learners. The study also aims to identify underlying…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Handheld Devices, Computer Oriented Programs, Electronic Learning
Rongle Tan; Emilia Djonov; Alice Chik – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
The rise of English learning apps is reshaping preschool English education, offering an alternative to costly classroom teaching. However, limited research has compared how classroom- and app-based teaching support preschool English education. This study addresses this gap by examining the social practice of teaching preschoolers English as…
Descriptors: Professionalism, Access to Education, Preschool Education, Computer Oriented Programs
