There has been a growing interest in developing simulated learners to enhance learning and teaching experiences in educational environments. However, existing works have primarily focused on structured environments relying on meticulously crafted representations of tasks, thereby limiting the learner's ability to generalize skills across tasks. In…

Virtual reality (VR) is a promising avenue to enhance the independence and daily living skills of high school students with intellectual disability. This study investigated the efficacy of a non-immersive VR focused on teaching food preparation skills to secondary students with intellectual disability. Three high school students with intellectual…

In the field of education, the think-aloud protocol is commonly used to encourage learners to articulate their thoughts during the learning process, providing observers with valuable insights into learners' cognitive processes beyond the final learning outcomes. However, the implementation of think-aloud protocols faces challenges such as task…