Contribution: This article suggests a novel method for diagnosing a learner's cognitive proficiency using deep neural networks (DNNs) based on her answers to a series of questions. The outcome of the forecast can be used for adaptive assistance. Background: Often a learner spends considerable amounts of time in attempting questions on the concepts…

Background: Formative assessments build a positive learning environment and provide feedback to enhance learning. This study examined the impact of online formative and low-stake summative assessments on medical students' learning outcomes in the Clinically Oriented Anatomy course from 2016 to 2020. We aimed to demonstrate that formative…

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted medical education, causing a shift towards online learning. However, this transition posed challenges in administering online assessments, particularly in proctoring and detecting academic misconduct. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of academic misconduct among medical students during…

Knowledge tracing (KT) is a method to evaluate a student's knowledge state (KS) based on their historical problem-solving records by predicting the next answer's binary correctness. Although widely applied to closed-ended questions, it lacks a detailed option tracing (OT) method for assessing multiple-choice questions (MCQs). This paper introduces…