With the continuous development of society and the increasing intensity of competition, academic stress and mental internal friction among college students have become increasingly prominent. This study aimed to explore the relationships and underlying mechanisms among academic involution, mental internal friction, academic stress, and rumination…

Background/purpose: Executive functions are generally considered crucial for an individual's capacity to adapt. This also applies to the domain of professional competencies. However, relatively few scientific studies have specifically examined the role of executive functions in relation to teachers' professional competencies. Didactic competencies…

Social understanding competence develops in sensitive and co-regulating caregiver interactions. Parental reflective functioning (PRF) and parenting stress can affect children's social understanding. This study investigated if children's social understanding was associated with PRF and parenting stress. Parents of 305 Italian children aged from 24…

This study investigated the multicultural teaching competence (MTC) of preservice teachers and the predictors of their competence. It ultimately investigated how preservice teachers' sense of efficacy (TSE), critical self-reflection (CSR), and religious inclusivity (RI) predicted their MTC. Through a cross-sectional research design, data were…

Recent research on language teacher factors has focused on the construct of teacher immunity. This construct was introduced into the field of language teaching to delineate language teachers' psychological state. Productive teacher immunity is defined as language teachers' psychological shield that safeguards them against diverse stress-inducing…

Purpose: This study investigated the comfort levels of undergraduate communication disorders (CDS) students in asking patient questions related to spiritually responsive care (SRC). This study also examined the effectiveness of spiritual responsiveness training (SRT) in improving comfort levels and explored predictors of posttraining change.…