Graduate employability remains a key talking point in higher education despite the contested nature of the construct and the myriad of factors that influence an individual's capacity to gain employment. Universities are still positioned to produce graduates who can contribute to society and the economy through work. Students are similarly…

Prior research has posited that flipped classrooms facilitate students' self-directed learning and enhance grades. Although reflective writing is one method linked to academic success, it rarely has been examined empirically in the literature within the context of flipped classrooms. The current study investigated the association between growth…

Critical thinking is integral to English language teaching (ELT) as it enhances both linguistic competence and higher-order cognitive abilities such as analysis, evaluation, and problem-solving. This paper explores how critical thinking can be systematically embedded in ELT to foster intellectual maturity and independent learning. It examines…