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Direct linkRicardo Colaço; Pedro Freitas; Luis Catela Nunes; Ana Balcão Reis – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
We analyse the PISA-reported convergence in the performance of private and public schools in Portugal. When PISA sampling weights are used, the number of students enrolled in those types of schools and specific grades/tracks of study differs significantly from official population figures. To account for those differences, we apply a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
Paul A. Jewsbury; Matthew S. Johnson – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
The standard methodology for many large-scale assessments in education involves regressing latent variables on numerous contextual variables to estimate proficiency distributions. To reduce the number of contextual variables used in the regression and improve estimation, we propose and evaluate principal component analysis on the covariance matrix…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Matrices, Regression (Statistics), Educational Assessment
