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Direct linkAlastair Henry; Cecilia Thorsen; Peter D. MacIntyre – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
In many contexts of multilingualism, language learners can initiate communication in the target language (TL), or a contact language (such as English). Patterns of use emerging from these choices affect TL development. They also vary between individuals. Willingness to communicate (WTC) needs to be investigated in ways that capture these…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Multilingualism, Swedish
Alastair Henry; Cecilia Thorsen; Peter D. MacIntyre – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
In many contexts of multilingualism, language learners can initiate communication in the target language (TL), or a contact language (such as English). Patterns of use emerging from these choices vary between individuals and affect TL development. Willingness to communicate (WTC) needs to be investigated in ways that capture these variations. So…
Descriptors: Language Usage, Context Effect, Intercultural Communication, Adult Education
Kirkpatrick, Andy – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2012
The Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was officially adopted in February 2009. Article 34 of the Charter states that, "The working language of ASEAN shall be English". In this article, I first briefly trace the development of English in ASEAN and demonstrate that, even in those countries of the ASEAN group…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Multilingualism, Official Languages
