The purpose of this study is to see the role of using multimodal texts based on Indonesian local cultural content to improve the literacy skills of BIPA (Indonesian for Foreign Speakers) learners. The focus of literacy skills in this study is the learner's ability to communicate using the communication culture of Indonesian society as a result of…

The purpose of this research is to understand the information seeking and information utilization behaviors of Armenian-English adult bilinguals, while paying particular attention to the contextual and experiential as well as to the affective and motivational aspects involved. At a meta-theoretical level, the study is rooted primarily in the…

In recent years, robots have increasingly been implemented as tutors in both first- and second-language education. The field of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) is developing rapidly. Studies have been published targeting different languages, age groups, and aspects of language and using different robots and methodologies. The present…

This article explores the links between citizenship and race in second-language education through an examination of the ways in which citizenship is linked to English language proficiency within a key Canadian federal adult English as a Second Language assessment document, the "Canadian Language Benchmarks" ("CLB"). It uses…