The process of perceiving music involves the transference of environmental physics in the air to anatomical and physiological interpretations of resonance in the body and psychological perceptions in the brain. These processes and musical interpretations are the basis of physical and cognitive science, neurophysiology, psychoacoustics, and…

Research suggests that students who participate in formative assessment perform better on measures of academic achievement than students who do not. To raise school and systematic performance, teachers need access to high-quality, rigorous tools designed to provide timely and individualized feedback for student learning. According to a report…

This paper investigates how Norwegian school principals prepared to carry out the LK20 reform process. The importance of school principals and middle-level leaders as enactors of change efforts results from their close ties to teachers and teacher classroom practices. This suggests that without negotiation and support from micro-policy actors,…

Background: National school curriculum statements detail what it is important to learn and are highly context- and discipline-specific. The health and physical education (H&PE) learning areas have multiple learning purposes, and facilitating this in curriculum design is a significant and challenging task. Objective: There is little reporting…

As the disruptive effects of COVID-19 on education have prompted conversations about remedial learning and learning recovery, the expectation is increasingly that schools are more productive in less time. This raises concerns regarding potential increase in the use of prescriptive curricula. While critiques regarding the usage of such curricula…

For more than 2 decades, Karin Hess has worked with the concept of depth of knowledge (DOK) and expanded applications of cognitive rigor across content areas and grade levels, proving that every student can experience deeper learning. This interactive book offers a self-guided journey beginning with the basics: what DOK is, what it is not, and…

Over the last decade, there has been an explosion of national interest in computer science (CS) education. In response to this, several organizations and initiatives have emerged in recent years to expand the CS pipeline. However, within these broad and laudable efforts, one important area has been largely overlooked--the instruction of CS to…

This study aims to explore the current structure of curriculum development studies for immigrants and to compile and present academic studies based on determined criteria. In this survey-model-based study, the content analysis method, which is listed among the qualitative research methods, was used for the classification of academic studies. The…

On September 13 and 14, 2022, the Board on Science Education at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop entitled Foundations of Data Science for Students in Grades K--12. Speakers and participants explored the rapidly growing field of K-12 data science education, by surveying the current landscape, surfacing…

This document lays out a curriculum framework for PK-grade 12 educational programs that is designed to help students achieve data literacy and become statistically literate. The framework and subsequent sections in this book recommend curriculum and implementation strategies covering PK-grade 12 statistics education.

This qualitative case study conducted under the informed exploration phase of design-based research explored the design process of an online teacher professional development (OTPD) prototype course for Korean language teachers to adopt a multiliteracies-based pedagogy in the K-12 context. This study is a response to the lack of research on…

Many social studies teachers have argued that the mandate to distinctively value Francophone and Indigenous perspectives is unjust without similarly valuing other perspectives within Alberta's K-12 social studies curriculum (Gani, 2022a; Gani & Scott, 2017; Scott & Gani, 2018). Rather than outlining why these two sets of perspectives need…

The "What Works in Character Education" project (WWCE; Berkowitz & Bier, 2007) was a descriptive summary of significant findings in the empirical literature on character education for the period 1945 to 2004. It employed a broad definition of character education to include related positive youth development programs such as…

In recent decades, the term "competencies" has been widely discussed and become an impetus for innovating school curriculum and instruction. This study focused on a recent K-12 curriculum reform in Macau with the purpose of exploring the issue of integrating 21st century competencies in the subjects-based curriculum documents, i.e.,…

These proceedings contain papers of the 6th International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2025) held in Šiauliai, Lithuania, June 16-19, 2025. This collection of BalticSTE25 articles presents 13 scientific articles and an introductory article on the topic of natural science and technology education. The articles…