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Direct linkArizmendi, Genesis D.; Asencio Pimentel, Monica F.; Li, Jui-Teng; Swanson, H. Lee – Bilingual Research Journal, 2023
The phonological loop of the working memory system plays a key role in language learning. This study examined the trajectories between two dual-language learner groups (English Learners [ELs] and Spanish Learners [SLs]) on phonological loop measures in L1 and L2. At Grade 1, children completed a battery of vocabulary and cognitive measures and…
Descriptors: Phonology, Second Language Learning, Native Language, English (Second Language)
Christina Stephens; Robert C. Pianta; Jessica E. Whittaker; Virginia E. Vitiello – Grantee Submission, 2025
Dual language learner children (DLLs) benefit from early childhood education (ECE) and learning multiple languages, but research has predominantly focused on English monolingual children, with limited insight on the ECE and early development of DLLs. This study investigated whether DLLs' developmental assets assessed at pre-k entry (i.e. English…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning
Download full textHarrison, Gina L. – Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics / Revue canadienne de linguistique appliquée, 2021
A collection of cognitive, linguistic, and spelling measures were administered to third-grade English L1 and L2 learners. To capture formative assessments of children's developing mental graphemic representations (MGRs), spelling errors in isolation were subjected to analysis across three metrics: (1) Phonological constrained; (2)…
Descriptors: Error Analysis (Language), Scoring, Spelling, Oral Language
