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Ouyang, Xiangzi; Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina – Child Development, 2023
Using cognitive diagnostic modeling (CDM), this study identified subtypes of mathematics learning disability (MLD) based on children's numerical skills and examined the language and spatial precursors of these subtypes. Participants were 99 MLD children and 420 low achievers identified from 1839 Finnish children (966 boys) who were followed from…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Education, Cognitive Processes, Classification
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Ferry, Alissa L.; Hespos, Susan J.; Waxman, Sandra R. – Child Development, 2010
Neonates prefer human speech to other nonlinguistic auditory stimuli. However, it remains an open question whether there are any conceptual consequences of words on object categorization in infants younger than 6 months. The current study examined the influence of words and tones on object categorization in forty-six 3- to 4-month-old infants.…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Neonates, Classification, Speech Communication
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Thompson, Clarissa A.; Opfer, John E. – Child Development, 2010
How does understanding the decimal system change with age and experience? Second, third, sixth graders, and adults (Experiment 1: N = 96, mean ages = 7.9, 9.23, 12.06, and 19.96 years, respectively) made number line estimates across 3 scales (0-1,000, 0-10,000, and 0-100,000). Generation of linear estimates increased with age but decreased with…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Grade 6, Grade 2, Age Differences
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Opfer, John E.; Thompson, Clarissa A. – Child Development, 2008
Spontaneous transfer of learning is often difficult to elicit. This finding may be widespread partly because pretests proactively interfere with transfer. To test this hypothesis, 7-year-olds' transfer was examined across 2 numerical tasks (number line estimation and categorization) in which similar representational changes have been observed. As…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Elementary School Students, Pretesting, Computation
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Hayes, Brett K.; Younger, Katherine – Child Development, 2004
Three experiments examined the changes in category representation that take place when children use exemplars for tasks other than classification. In Experiments 1 and 2, 6- and 10-year-old children learned to classify exemplars of a novel category and then used the same exemplars in an inferential prediction task. In a subsequent classification…
Descriptors: Classification, Task Analysis, Children, Inferences
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Laski, Elida V.; Siegler, Robert S. – Child Development, 2007
This study examined the generality of the logarithmic to linear transition in children's representations of numerical magnitudes and the role of subjective categorization of numbers in the acquisition of more advanced understanding. Experiment 1 (49 girls and 41 boys, ages 5-8 years) suggested parallel transitions from kindergarten to second grade…
Descriptors: Females, Individual Differences, Classification, Elementary Education