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Bucknam, Jessica; Hood, Sally J. – RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2021
This research describes language use by four first-grade students during mathematics and Language Arts instruction in a one-way 50/50 Mandarin immersion classroom. The urban public school was situated in the heart of an African-American community in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Participants were video- and audio-recorded…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Mandarin Chinese, Grammar, Vocabulary Development
Katsuyama, Hitomi; Nishigaki, Chikako; Wang, Jinfang – RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2008
The effectiveness of early English education was investigated in this study to determine if English should be taught formally in Japanese public elementary schools. We administered English tests and questionnaires to 1466 elementary school students in 2004 and 2005. The results showed significant differences between the…
Descriptors: Elementary Schools, Elementary School Students, Learning Motivation, Achievement Tests