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Ally Patterson; Robin Moyher; Robert Pasnak; Barbara J. Kaminski – Education and Treatment of Children, 2025
As early as first grade, some children are more likely than others to perform arithmetic using inefficient or other overt counting strategies. To partially address this problem, the primary investigator developed a skill hierarchy with procedures based on applied behavior analysis. The novel early-intervention program included a combination of…
Descriptors: Early Intervention, Mathematics Skills, Arithmetic, Applied Behavior Analysis
Margaret M. Flores; Vanessa M. Hinton; Kelly B. Schweck – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2024
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the concrete-representational-abstract--integrated (CRA-I) sequence on students with learning disabilities' performance when learning fraction and decimal concepts. Three elementary-level students in Grades 4 and 6 participated in a single-case multiple probe across behaviors study. The…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Grade 6, Students with Disabilities
Russo, James; Hopkins, Sarah – Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, 2023
Despite curriculum expectations, many students, including a disproportionate number of girls, do not 'just know' (retrieve) single-digit addition facts by Year 3. The current study employed structured interviews to explore which strategies Year 3/4 students (n = 166) used when solving more difficult addition combinations. Results revealed that…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Problem Solving, Mathematics Instruction, Learning Strategies
Xie, Shengying; Cai, Jinfa – ZDM: Mathematics Education, 2022
In this study we aimed to inquire into the impact of the use of early arithmetic strategies by a group of fifth-grade students, on their solving of equations involving two representations of unknowns. Pre- and post-tests consisting of equation-solving items involving two representations of unknowns (number sentences containing empty 'brackets', as…
Descriptors: Grade 5, Elementary School Students, Problem Solving, Teaching Methods
Kar, Tugru; Öçal, Tugba; Öçal, Mehmet Fatih; Demirci, Ömer – International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 2021
The purpose of this study was to investigate what factors third-grade students took into consideration when posing problems for their peers and how these factors affected the mathematical complexities of the problems. Free and semi-structured problem-posing tasks were given to 27 third-grade students, and the problems they created for their peers…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 3, Problem Solving
T. S. Kutaka; P. Chernyavskiy; J. Sarama; D. H. Clements – Grantee Submission, 2023
Investigators often rely on the proportion of correct responses in an assessment when describing the impact of early mathematics interventions on child outcomes. Here, we propose a shift in focus to the relative sophistication of problem-solving strategies and offer methodological guidance to researchers interested in working with strategies. We…
Descriptors: Learning Trajectories, Problem Solving, Mathematics Instruction, Early Intervention
Marcruz, Ong Yew Lee; Carrie, Ho Ka Lee; Manabu, Kawata; Mayumi, Takahashi; Kumpei, Mizuno – International Journal of Early Years Education, 2022
It has become increasingly clear that the early use of decomposition for addition is associated with later mathematical achievement. This study examined how younger children execute a base-10 decomposition strategy to solve complex arithmetic (e.g. two-digit addition). 24 addition problems in two modalities (WA: Written Arithmetic; OA: Oral…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Arithmetic, Foreign Countries, Correlation
Hickendorff, Marian – Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2022
Central elements of adaptive expertise in arithmetic problem solving are flexibility, using multiple strategies, and adaptivity, selecting the optimal strategy. Research shows that the strategies children actually use do not fully reflect the strategies they know: there is hidden potential. In the current study a sample of 147 third graders from…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction, Learning Strategies, Grade 3
Allen, Lucy; Dowker, Ann – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2022
We examined the role of visuo-spatial working memory in different types of arithmetic ability in children. Previous research had suggested that arithmetic is not a single entity (Dowker, 2005, 2015), and also that visuo-spatial working memory is specifically involved in mathematical cognition (McKenzie et al., 2003) There has, however, been little…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Arithmetic, Elementary School Students
Vondrová, Nada – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2022
The adverse influence of the presence of an irrelevant number and language inconsistency in a word problem is well known. Our study focused on the combination of these two variables and on the position of the irrelevant number in the word problem for Grade 6 pupils. The study has a mixed design. Item Response Theory was used to make equally able…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Mathematics Instruction, Word Problems (Mathematics), Difficulty Level
Jarry-Shore, Michael; Kobiela, Marta – Elementary School Journal, 2020
In this study, we decomposed the broad practice of deciphering multiple solution strategies. We conducted interviews with 11 preservice elementary teachers, in which we asked teachers to decipher students' standard and nonstandard strategies to multiplication and division problems. We examined what teachers said and did--what we refer to as…
Descriptors: Preservice Teachers, Elementary School Teachers, Learning Strategies, Problem Solving
Jarry-Shore, Michael; Kobiela, Marta – Elementary School Journal, 2020
In this study, we decomposed the broad practice of deciphering multiple solution strategies. We conducted interviews with 11 preservice elementary teachers, in which we asked teachers to decipher students' standard and nonstandard strategies to multiplication and division problems. We examined what teachers said and did--what we refer to as…
Descriptors: Preservice Teachers, Elementary School Teachers, Learning Strategies, Problem Solving
Polo-Blanco, Irene; González López, Eva M. – Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2021
Background & aims: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in analyzing the mathematical performance of students with learning difficulties in order to provide them with teaching methods adapted to their needs. In particular, the importance of studying the type of informal strategy that students use when solving problems has been…
Descriptors: Addition, Mathematics Instruction, Teaching Methods, Learning Problems
Gvozdic, Katarina; Sander, Emmanuel – ZDM: The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 2020
Informal strategies reflecting the representation of a situation described in an arithmetic word problem mediate students' solving processes. When the informal strategies are inefficient, teaching students to make way for more efficient ways to find the solution is an important educational issue in mathematics. The current paper presents a…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Word Problems (Mathematics), Elementary School Mathematics, Elementary School Students
Lemonidis, Charalampos; Pilianidis, Nikos – International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 2020
One of the attributes of rational numbers that make them different from integers are the different symbolic modes (fraction, decimal and percentage) to which an identical number can be attributed (e.g. 1/4, 0.25 and 25%). Some research has identified students' difficulty in mental calculations with rational numbers as has also the switching to…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Middle School Students, Grade 8, Mathematics Skills