This paper reports on the findings of a small-scale research project, carried out by a team of teacher educators working in the Primary Foundation Subjects at a university in the North West of England. The team worked together to develop the Three-Lens Model, a teaching model that aimed both to provide a unification of subject delivery across the…

In preparing future elementary educators in mathematics, helping them overcome their anxieties of mathematics and teaching mathematics is paramount. This study examined how different instructional practices (in-class lecture, flipped learning with teacher-created videos, flipped classroom with Khan Academy videos) compared in improving students'…