The "Belle Époque" quest for a modern beauty (an 'art nouveau') extended into France's system of free primary schooling, established in the 1880s by the Third Republic to educate the popular masses. Design reformers' belief in the underlying unity of the fine and applied arts, and their growing emphasis on the importance of individual…

Primary education levels are called primary education, compulsory education, and public education. Nowadays, new research has shown that primary education plays an important role in the reduction of poverty and the realization of economic and social development programs. Therefore, the necessity of this research is to study the evolution of…

In this response to Fettes's "Imagination and Experience," the authors further consider the varieties of educational experience that inspire ecological flourishing and a living democracy. The essential interconnectedness of encounter-driven and language-driven ways of knowing are explored with particular reference to the authors'…

Motivations to reform curriculum in post-conflict, or post-colonial states are often driven by the need to (re) construct a cohesive and publicly legitimated national identity that is starkly different to that which existed prior. This paper explores the context behind such action in the Timor-Leste (East Timor) and some challenges which policy…

This bulletin represents an innovation in U. S. Office of Education procedures in the writing of publications, since it has been produced by the cooperative effort of 12 students at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio, and their instructor in English. Because of the many requests from seventh- and eighth-grade rural school pupils for a brief…

This bulletin notes that Chile was one of the first Latin American republics to achieve political democracy, with all aspects of its cultural, educational, and philosophical life influenced by Spanish tradition, reinforced by French and Italian influences. This document provides a brief historical background, then proceeds to describe the system…