Academic cheating is common, but little is known about its early emergence. It was examined among Chinese second to sixth graders (N = 2094; 53% boys, collected between 2018 and 2019) using a machine learning approach. Overall, 25.74% reported having cheated, which was predicted by the best machine learning algorithm (Random Forest) at a mean…

Resilient students attain high levels of academic achievement despite the presence of chronic socioeconomic disadvantage. Identifying factors that promote resilience in the domain of science is crucial to making equitable and high-quality science education accessible for all students. Rooted in the opportunity-propensity framework, this study…

Many studies have linked quality in early childhood education and care [ECEC] to school performance, but the mechanisms of how ECEC process quality affects children in ways that lead to improved school performance is unclear. In this study on 7431 children in Norway, we test the hypothesis that the relation between process quality in ECEC and…

Besides learners' awareness of their knowledge, a growing number of studies also emphasise the importance of teachers' awareness of how well their students perform to adjust their teaching strategies accordingly. Therefore, proposing a multi-layered metacognitive regulatory model in teaching first, we investigated whether estimation type, item…

In this paper we present a novel adaptation of a tri-phase assessment tool, originally devised to investigate students' linear equations-related strategy flexibility, to evaluate Danish grade-six students' multidigit arithmetic-related strategy adaptivity and flexibility. Participants, 731 students, median age 12 years and drawn from 20…

In education, understanding the determinants of learners' achievement is crucial. This study aimed to explore the correlation between emotional intelligence (EI) and academic achievement in primary schools. Using Goleman's Emotional Intelligence Assessment Scale adapted for local use, 444 primary school students were assessed via random sampling.…

Digital technology is profoundly transforming various aspects of life, thus highlighting the need to enhance digital literacy on a national scale. In primary and secondary schools, artificial intelligence (AI) education plays a pivotal role in fostering digital literacy. To comprehensively investigate the variables influencing AI education in…

This study elaborates on the pivotal roles of mathematical and statistical models in data-driven predictions in an integrated STEM context using the case of Year 4 students: (?) "a descriptive means" to describe the features of trends and variability of data and (?) "an explanatory means" to explain causal relationships behind…

Teacher self-efficacy is a critical component of school life quality, leading scholars to explore the mechanisms behind it. Most studies have focused on this factor's mediation and moderation functions, with some indicating a strong link between teachers' academic optimism and self-efficacy. However, the roles of teachers' professional development…

This article reports on a pilot study on the academic self-efficacy (ASE) of 245 Finnish pupils when studying according to a subject-specific curriculum for one week and an integrated curriculum the following week. The data consisted of selected items from the Class Maps Survey and self-reported grades of L1 and mathematics and were analysed using…

This 1-year longitudinal study examined the effects of academic performance and depression in friendships among elementary school children in China. Participants included 1122 children (44% boys) within 561 stable friendship dyads initially in fourth and fifth grades (initial M[subscript age] = 11 years). Data on academic performance, depression,…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between school principals' instructional leadership and collaborative culture in schools. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey with a sample of 382 teachers. The data were collected through the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) and the School Culture…

This paper argues that engaging students in informal statistical reasoning from early school years is essential for the development of statistical understanding. We investigated if and how children aged six-seven years old identified variation in a table of data and made predictions through the design of a teaching experiment. The classroom…

Suicidal ideation is a high risk factor for suicidal behavior in disadvantaged adolescents. This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanism underlying the influence of bullying victimization on suicidal ideation among boarding adolescents. A total of 2317 boarding adolescents from rural schools in Southwest China completed four questionnaires,…

Recent studies have identified a growing need for educators to be trauma-informed. However, there is limited understanding of teacher trauma literacy or their professional learning and teaching experience. This study reports a new measure of teacher trauma literacy and is the first known study to assess the trauma and mental health literacy…