Although the number of studies investigating the use of immersive VR (iVR) for language learning is rapidly rising, only a few studies have examined how teachers learn to incorporate iVR into their lesson planning and how they can take advantage of the unique affordances of the medium to aid language learning. This article reports on how 50…

While technology teachers and coaches have successfully integrated digital tools into their schools' curricula, many classroom teachers still struggle with that integration. Not enough is known about how technology teachers and coaches plan and implement instruction using digital tools, and this knowledge may be useful for classroom teachers. This…

A critical incident is a situation or event that holds significance for learning, both for the students and teachers. This paper presents four examples of critical incidents from a Year 7 teacher's lesson excerpts in Indonesia involving teaching of fractions, to show how they shaped classroom situation, brought forward elements of conflict, and…

In the United States, English learners (EL) often do not have the academic language proficiency, literacy skills, cultural background, and content knowledge necessary to succeed in kindergarten through 12th grade classrooms. This leads to large achievement gaps. Also, classroom texts are often riddled with linguistically unfamiliar elements,…