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Tindal, Gerald; Nese, Joseph F. T.; Stevens, Joseph J. – Educational Assessment, 2017
For the past decade, the accountability model associated with No Child Left Behind (NCLB) emphasized proficiency on end of year tests; with Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) the emphasis on proficiency within statewide testing programs, though now integrated with other measures of student learning, nevertheless remains a primary metric for…
Descriptors: Testing Programs, Middle School Students, Models, State Standards
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Chen, Qian – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2014
In this study, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2007 data were used to build mathematics achievement models of fourth graders in two East Asian school systems: Hong Kong and Singapore. In each school system, eight variables at student level and nine variables at school/class level were incorporated to build an achievement…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mathematics Achievement, Grade 4, Mathematics Tests
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Guidry, Allen; Cuthrell, Kristen; O'Connor, Katherine; Good, Amy – Social Studies, 2010
Since the inception of mandated testing in reading and mathematics, social studies instruction has been marginalized in elementary and middle schools. After the genesis of several state-mandated testing programs and nearly a decade after the launch of the No Child Left Behind legislation, the effects of limited K-8 social studies instruction are…
Descriptors: Middle Schools, Testing Programs, Federal Legislation, Scores