The aims of this study were to synthesize and evaluate the learning model in gamification environment together with cartoon animation media to promote students' creative problem-solving skills. This study was divided into three phases, (i) synthesized and evaluated the appropriateness of learning model (ii) developed cartoon animation and (iii)…

This study aimed to explore preservice elementary teachers' use of a bar model as a heuristic for conceptualising relationships between quantities in situations involving ratio and percentages. As a part of a larger project, we focused on two preservice teachers, Maia and Jane, and investigated their solution paths in ratio and percentage problems…

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) emphasizes the teaching of "Big Ideas" in mathematics. This study focuses on the part-part-whole (PPW) relationship as a crucial aspect of word problem solving involving addition and subtraction. This study, conducted in the United States, evaluated the effects of conceptual…

The mathematical modeling process is also a powerful way to teach students the meaning of data. In mathematical modeling, students are collecting data to answer a question. Data collection is the means to an end and not the end in itself. The author was looking for an engaging way to introduce his third-grade mathematics class to the skill of…

This paper contributes to accumulating the knowledge base about prospective elementary school teachers' (PTs') understanding of socio-critical modeling by exploring how PTs make connections to features of mathematical modeling and social justice while posing mathematical problems and reflecting on their problem-posing. We present a conceptual…

Mastery of mathematical literacy is essential for developing life skills in the 21st century. Mathematical literacy is even more critical in elementary schools as it forms the basis for mastery at the junior and senior high school levels. Elementary school students differ in their characteristics from students at the higher education level. They,…

Citizenship education is historically linked with political developments that have forced governments to think deeper about nationality, power, identity, and the process of decolonization since large sectors of the population are denied and even excluded from the development of their citizenship. Currently, there is a need to provide mechanisms…

Previous research has highlighted the importance of social relationships in mathematical group work while working on modelling activities. This study analyses the interaction of sixth-grade students in Primary Education (11 to 12 years old) carrying out a modelling task in groups with a Fermi problem used as the modelling activity. The focus of…

Project-based learning (PBL) plays a critical role in fostering interdisciplinary integration within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. However, its complexity often hinders students' ability to apply knowledge and solve problems, particularly in environments that lack psychological and cognitive support. This…

When teaching fractions, teachers make instructional decisions about if, when, and how to use the many different types of fraction models and manipulatives. In this study, we sought insights into their pedagogical reasoning with fraction representations via their preferences, both for solving tasks themselves and for teaching (in general and for…

Using mathematical modelling to solve problems appears in all year levels in the Australian Curriculum: Mathematics (v. 9), and is probably the most authentic way of teaching mathematics in context. However, the term mathematical modelling, even if familiar to teachers, may not be well understood or enacted confidently by teachers in their…

The revised Australian curriculum presents a new emphasis in primary schools on the process of Mathematical Modelling. A modelling focus brings close attention to confidence and capability with a potentially new problem-solving process, associated language, and pedagogical processes. This paper presents a Year 4 classroom modelling experience that…

This study aimed to comparatively analyse the effects of problem-based learning model (PBLM) on cognitive outputs (CO). The study reviewed quasi-experimental studies on PBLM and CO, focusing on the cognitive outputs of thinking skills, problem-solving skill, and academic achievement. The quantitative data of these studies, comprising 56 articles…

Studies have found that some teacher professional development programs that are based on Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) can increase student mathematics achievement. The mechanism through which those effects are realized has been theorized, but more empirical study is needed. In service of this need, we designed a novel measure of…

Mathematization is a critical competency in the modelling process. This study aims to elicit prospective mathematics teachers' mathematizing through the analysis of their solution approaches to a modelling problem related to the bales of straw. This study was conducted with 75 fourth-year prospective mathematics teachers (PMTs) enrolled in a…