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Showing 1 to 15 of 45 results Save | Export
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Cañigueral, Roser; Barron, Katherine; Steinbeis, Nikolaus – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The present study used a novel, well-controlled paradigm to investigate the development of cool, hot-positive, and hot-negative inhibitory control in a sample of children (6- to 11-year-old; N = 38, 21 females), adolescents (12- to 18-year-old; N = 38, 24 females), and adults (19- to 38-year-old; N = 38, 28 females; sample location: United…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Elementary School Students, Child Development
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Chengchen Li; Li Wei; Xiaojun Lu – Modern Language Journal, 2024
The study investigated the effect of task complexity (TC) on second language (L2) learners' affective responses and writing performance and how these were modulated by cognitive and affective individual difference (ID) factors. A total of 412 Chinese 8th-grade English-as-a-foreign-language learners completed a working memory (WM) test, a scale…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Middle School Students, Grade 8, Foreign Countries
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Mariëtte van Loon; Claudia M. Roebers – Metacognition and Learning, 2024
This study aims to understand individual differences between children in metacognitive monitoring and control processes and the developmental trajectories of metacognition over one year. Three indicators of procedural metacognition were used: monitoring accuracy (discrimination of confidence judgments between correct and incorrect test responses),…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Metacognition, Task Analysis, Individual Differences
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Cubillo, Ana; Hermes, Henning; Berger, Eva; Winkel, Kirsten; Schunk, Daniel; Fehr, Ernst; Hare, Todd A. – Developmental Science, 2023
The potential benefits and mechanistic effects of working memory training (WMT) in children are the subject of much research and debate. We show that after five weeks of school-based, adaptive WMT 6-9 year-old primary school children had greater activity in prefrontal and striatal brain regions, higher task accuracy, and reduced intra-individual…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Comparative Analysis, Academic Achievement, Well Being
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Hasenäcker, Jana; Schroeder, Sascha – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Reading development involves several changes in orthographic processing. A key question is, "how does the coding of letters develops in children learning to read?" Masked priming effects of transposition and substitution primes have been taken to index the importance of letter position and identity coding. Somewhat contradicting results…
Descriptors: Alphabets, Reading Processes, Priming, Longitudinal Studies
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Hamamouche, Karina; Cordes, Sara – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Throughout the life span, we are capable of representing quantities in the absence of language, or nonsymbolically. Additionally, over the course of development, we learn many symbolic measurement systems for representing quantities such as time and number. Despite substantial evidence of a relation between the acquisition of symbolic and…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Time Perspective, Measurement, Correlation
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Zhang, Shuai; Hudson, Alida; Ji, Xuejun Ryan; Joshi, R. Malatesha; Zamora, Juan; Gómez-Velázquez, Fabiola R.; González-Garrido, Andrés Antonio – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2021
This study examined Spanish spelling errors among 166 native Spanish-speaking students from Kindergarten to Grade 3 based on a spelling-to-diction task. Fifteen types of spelling errors were analyzed in a latent class analysis. Results suggested three phases of spellers: Phase 1 students had a high chance of committing almost all types of errors.…
Descriptors: Spelling, Spanish Speaking, Elementary School Students, Task Analysis
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Rastelli, Clara; Greco, Antonino; Finocchiaro, Chiara – Journal of Intelligence, 2020
The current theories suggest the fundamental role of semantic memory in creativity, mediating bottom-up (divergent thinking) and top-down (fluid intelligence) cognitive processes. However, the relationship between creativity, intelligence, and the organization of the semantic memory remains poorly-characterized in children. We investigated the…
Descriptors: Memory, Semantics, Correlation, Intelligence
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Schlatter, Erika; Lazonder, Ard W.; Molenaar, Inge; Janssen, Noortje – Education Sciences, 2021
Scientific reasoning is an important skill that encompasses hypothesizing, experimenting, inferencing, evaluating data and drawing conclusions. Previous research found consistent inter- and intra-individual differences in children's ability to perform these component skills, which are still largely unaccounted for. This study examined these…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Thinking Skills, Science Process Skills, Elementary School Students
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Neubauer, Andreas B.; Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Elementary schoolchildren's working memory performance (WMP) fluctuates from moment to moment and day to day, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study, affective states were investigated as predictors of these fluctuations. Interindividual differences in the intraindividual affect--WMP associations were expected,…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Predictor Variables
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Street, Karin E. S.; Malmberg, Lars-Erik; Stylianides, Gabriel J. – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 2022
Self-efficacy in mathematics is related to engagement, persistence, and academic performance. Prior research focused mostly on examining changes to students' self-efficacy across large time intervals (months or years), and paid less attention to changes at the level of lesson sequences. Knowledge of how self-efficacy changes during a sequence of…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, Longitudinal Studies, Attitude Change, Mathematics Instruction
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Gijbels, Liesbeth; Yeatman, Jason D.; Lalonde, Kaylah; Lee, Adrian K. C. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: It is generally accepted that adults use visual cues to improve speech intelligibility in noisy environments, but findings regarding visual speech benefit in children are mixed. We explored factors that contribute to audiovisual (AV) gain in young children's speech understanding. We examined whether there is an AV benefit to…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli, Cues
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Wang, Si; Andrews, Glenda; Pendergast, Donna; Neumann, David; Chen, Yulu; Shum, David H. K. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
To date, cross-cultural studies on Theory of Mind (ToM) have predominantly focused on preschoolers. This study focuses on middle childhood, comparing two samples of mainland Chinese (n = 126) and Australian (n = 83) children aged between 5.5 and 12 years. Strange Stories, the most commonly used measure of ToM, was employed. The study aimed to…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Preschool Children, Measures (Individuals), Story Telling
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Peskar, Lisa; Bachelor, Jeremy W. – Online Submission, 2022
Individual differences (IDs) play an important role in the second language learning process and explain the varied experiences of the L2 learner. The two major IDs, language aptitude and motivation, can be primary factors in one's ultimate proficiency. While language aptitude is largely fixed, motivation is malleable and can aid in overcoming…
Descriptors: FLES, Likert Scales, Learning Motivation, Second Language Learning
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Xiang, Ping; Liu, Jiling; Li, Weidong; Guan, Jianmin – European Physical Education Review, 2021
Students' ability beliefs about running activities in physical education/athletics classes were investigated longitudinally from the perspectives of Nicholls' conceptions of ability and Dweck's implicit theories of ability. The data for this study were provided by 44 students (20 boys; 24 girls) who participated in a larger longitudinal project on…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Physical Activities, Mastery Learning, Elementary School Students
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