The aim of this study is to design and develop an augmented reality based mobile application (HardwARe teaching material) based on the "Computer Systems" subject outcomes in the 5th grade curriculum. In the design and development phase of the HardwARe teaching material, the design-based research (DBR) method, which is frequently…

As a person obsessed, perhaps overly so, with preventing water damage, an ailing dishwasher led to a system whereby who did the dishes in our household became a matter of chance. What happened next, however, was besmirchment of my character from hockey teammates, close friends, and especially from a room full of future elementary school…

A Q-matrix is a binary matrix that defines the relationship between items and latent variables and is widely used in diagnostic classification models (DCMs), and can also be adopted in multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models. The construction process of the Q-matrix is typically carried out by experts in the subject area of the items…

A Q-matrix is a binary matrix that defines the relationship between items and latent variables and is widely used in diagnostic classification models (DCMs), and can also be adopted in multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models. The construction process of the Q-matrix is typically carried out by experts in the subject area of the items…

As augmented reality (AR) gains prevalence, various AR exhibits are being installed in science museums. However, few research has thus far examined the extent to which these exhibits can improve visitors' learning. This study qualitatively evaluates the effectiveness of an AR dinosaur exhibit at the Gwacheon National Science Museum in Korea and…

This article discusses how abstract concepts in primary science can be tackled using interactive digital simulations, models, and analogies. The author provides information on simulations for physics; abstract space concepts; size and scale; distances; time; and weather. Interactive digital simulations are a way to help children visualise some of…

Fostering English reading interest and engagement among young learners in non-native settings demands innovative strategies. Previous studies emphasized the role of teachers in enhancing reading interest, for example, through dialogic reading due to its interactive nature. However, this approach is challenging to implement on a large scale.…

Recent solar eclipses provide relevant real-world contexts for learning about the scientific phenomena of the lunar phases. News coverage of the phenomenon may have raised questions such as, "Why does the Moon look different at different times, and sometimes as if it is not there?," and "What patterns can be found in the lunar…

Immersive virtual reality (VR) is anticipated to peak in development this decade bringing new opportunities for 3D multimodal designing across all levels of education. The need for students to gain capabilities with multimodal texts--texts that combine two or more modes, such as spoken, written, and visual--is emphasised at all levels of education…

The science process skills of elementary school students in Langsa city are still relatively low, despite these skills being a crucial element in science education based on the Merdeka curriculum. Additionally, teachers have reported several challenges, including the presence of abstract science material, textbooks that use two-dimensional…

This study proposed a low-cost, easy to set up and easy to modify virtual classroom simulation environment, "CartoonClass," and tested its impact on 27 pre-service primary school teachers' noticing development during a semester-long mathematics methods course. The participants' perceptions of using CartoonClass were also examined. A…

Augmented reality (AR) has been regarded as a useful tool in writing education, with the goal of enhancing students' learning. However, questions still exist about the consistency of student motivation and their writing performance when participating in educational activities driven by AR. This study focused on AR-based writing courses, employing…

Digital technology is profoundly transforming various aspects of life, thus highlighting the need to enhance digital literacy on a national scale. In primary and secondary schools, artificial intelligence (AI) education plays a pivotal role in fostering digital literacy. To comprehensively investigate the variables influencing AI education in…

Academic entrepreneurial behaviours are increasingly a research field paralleling processes of capitalist commodification. We mobilise Baudrillard's concepts to probe a school's strategic communication methods symbolising class neoliberalism, which aspirational parents may experience as a desired habitus of 'distinction'. We suggest their…

Research has addressed the benefits of immersive virtual reality (IVR) for affective learning rather than cognitive performance, indicating the necessity to explore what factors may influence learners' attitudinal learning, defined as the result of instruction for changing learners' attitudes, when engaging in immersive instructional mediums. This…