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Deise Monquelate Arndt; Ramon Mayor Martins; Jean Carlo Rossa Hauck – Informatics in Education, 2025
Critical thinking is a fundamental skill for 21st-century citizens, and it should be promoted from elementary school and developed in computing education. However, assessing the development of critical thinking in educational contexts presents unique challenges. In this study, a systematic mapping was carried out to investigate how to assess the…
Descriptors: Critical Thinking, Elementary Secondary Education, Computer Science Education, 21st Century Skills
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Shu-Hsuan Chang; Po-Jen Kuo; Jia Xin Kao; Lee-Jen Yang – Interactive Learning Environments, 2024
With the development of education technology, Smart classroom has evolved to version 2.0. Currently, the meta-analysis literature on the effects of smart classroom-based instruction on academic achievement ignores the impact of technological changes and time on the effect sizes. This study incorporated the impact of technological changes and time,…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, Technology Integration, Instructional Effectiveness, Academic Achievement
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Chan, Shiau-Wei; Looi, Chee-Kit; Ho, Weng Kin; Kim, Mi Song – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2023
The importance of computational thinking (CT) as a 21st-century skill for future generations has been a key consideration in the reforms of many national and regional educational systems. Much attention has been paid to integrating CT into the traditional subject classrooms. This paper describes a scoping review of learning tools for integrating…
Descriptors: Thinking Skills, 21st Century Skills, Teaching Methods, Research Reports