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Jensen, Joseph N.; Hite, Steven J.; Hite, Julie M.; Randall, E. Vance – NASSP Bulletin, 2017
Standardized testing is an external control mechanism for K-12 public schools. Principals, nested between internal and external influences, must manage the tension created by testing's roles as both an internal improvement tool and as an external control mechanism. Five competing narratives, each shaped by author academic background, significantly…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Public Schools, Elementary Secondary Education, Influences
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Woods-Groves, Suzanne; Hendrickson, Jo M. – Assessment for Effective Intervention, 2012
Assessment permeates many aspects of our educational society. With the passage of federal legislation (i.e., No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004), assessment in the form of accountability is ever present in our K-12 educational system. Current assessment practices should be used in…
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Decision Making, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Legislation