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Johnson, Martin; Nadas, Rita – Learning, Media and Technology, 2009
Within large scale educational assessment agencies in the UK, there has been a shift towards assessors marking digitally scanned copies rather than the original paper scripts that were traditionally used. This project uses extended essay examination scripts to consider whether the mode in which an essay is read potentially influences the…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Educational Assessment, Internet, Essay Tests
Stiggins, Rick; Chappuis, Stephen – Principal Leadership, 2005
Ever since Scriven (1967) and Bloom, Hastings, and Madaus (1971) articulated the distinction between summative and formative evaluation, "summative assessment" has referred to tests administered after learning is supposed to have occurred to determine whether it did. "Formative assessment", on the other hand, has been used to describe assessments…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Testing, Accountability, Student Evaluation