Parental involvement in their children's education has been investigated in various ways, mainly regarding governance, the support provided to the children at home, or relationships between teachers and parents. However, parents also might be supporters and/or resources for teaching practices, an aspect which has not been studied in depth. In Japan, there is an approach to school reform called lesson study for the learning community, underlining the importance of parental participation in pedagogical practices. This chapter categorises types of parental involvement using three published cases. Four participatory parental roles in pedagogical practices were identified: (1) learners, (2) resources, (3) endorsers, and (4) catalysts. [For the complete volume, "Transforming Pedagogies through Engagement with Learners, Teachers and Communities. Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects. Volume 57," see ED661742.]