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Kim, Matthew H.; Bousselot, Tracy E.; Ahmed, Sammy F. – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Executive functions (EF) are domain-general cognitive skills that predict foundational academic skills such as literacy and numeracy. However, less is known about the relation between EFs and science achievement. The nature of this relation might be explained by the theory of mutualism, which states that development is the result of complex and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Science Achievement, Cognitive Ability, Short Term Memory
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Taylor Lesner; Ben Clarke; Derek Kosty; Geovanna Rodriguez; Elizabeth L. Budd; Christian Doabler – Grantee Submission, 2025
This secondary analysis of data from a randomized control trial of an early mathematics intervention, ROOTS, explored whether patterns of intervention response were best categorized by the typical response/non-response binary or a more complex framework with additional response profiles. Participants included kindergarten students at risk for…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Response to Intervention, At Risk Students, Kindergarten
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Davies, Patrick T.; Thompson, Morgan J.; Li, Zhi; Sturge-Apple, Melissa L. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Guided by evolutionary-developmental models, this study tested the hypothesis that children's exposure to parental relationship instability, defined by initiation and dissolution of caregiver intimate relationships, has both costs in cognitive impairments and benefits in enhanced learning skills. Participants included 243 mothers and their…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Child Development, Marital Instability, Models
Gadzichowski, K. M.; Peterson, M. S.; Pasnak, R.; Bock, A. M.; Fetterer-Robinson, S. O. J. M.; Schmerold, K. L. – Grantee Submission, 2018
"Patterning" is a cognitive intervention that is unknown to psychologists, but has nevertheless been taught for half a century in nearly all kindergartens and many preschools in English-speaking countries. Patterning is the understanding that a certain rule governs the sequence of items in a series. At the simplest level, if the series…
Descriptors: Sequential Approach, Serial Ordering, Teaching Methods, Cognitive Processes
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Decker, Scott L.; Roberts, Alycia M.; Roberts, Kristin L.; Stafford, Allison L.; Eckert, Mark A. – Psychology in the Schools, 2016
A significant number of studies have examined the cognitive components of basic academic skills, which has led to major changes in both teaching and early identification assessment practices. However, the majority of previous research has focused solely on reading. This study examines the cognitive components of academic writing skills across…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Writing Skills, Teaching Methods, Grade 1
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Byrnes, James P.; Miller-Cotto, Dana; Wang, Aubrey H. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2018
As the United States experiences greater income inequality, more and more students experience an early science achievement gap. This study tested several competing theoretical models of early science achievement with a longitudinal sample of 14,624 children who were followed from kindergarten entry to the end of 1st grade. To understand why and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Grade 1, Elementary School Students, Kindergarten
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Marley, Scott C.; Szabo, Zsuzsanna; Levin, Joel R.; Glenberg, Arthur M. – Journal of Experimental Education, 2011
The authors examined an activity-based listening strategy with first- and third-grade children in mixed-grade dyads. On the basis of theories of cognitive development and previous research, the authors predicted the following: (a) children in an activity-based strategy would recall more story events compared with those in a repetition strategy and…
Descriptors: Language Arts, Imagery, Prediction, Memory
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Noble, Kimberly G.; McCandliss, Bruce D.; Farah, Martha J. – Developmental Science, 2007
Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with childhood cognitive achievement. In previous research we found that this association shows neural specificity; specifically we found that groups of low and middle SES children differed disproportionately in perisylvian/language and prefrontal/executive abilities relative to other neurocognitive…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Ability, Neurological Organization
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Booth, Julie L.; Siegler, Robert S. – Child Development, 2008
This study examined whether the quality of first graders' (mean age = 7.2 years) numerical magnitude representations is correlated with, predictive of, and causally related to their arithmetic learning. The children's pretest numerical magnitude representations were found to be correlated with their pretest arithmetic knowledge and to be…
Descriptors: Pretests Posttests, Achievement Tests, Short Term Memory, Mathematics Skills
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Swanson, H. Lee; Jerman, Olga; Zheng, Xinhua – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008
The influence of cognitive growth in working memory (WM) on mathematical problem solution accuracy was examined in elementary school children (N = 353) at risk and not at risk for serious math problem solving difficulties. A battery of tests was administered that assessed problem solving, achievement, and cognitive processing (WM, inhibition,…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Inhibition, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
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Konold, Timothy R.; Pianta, Robert C. – Applied Developmental Science, 2005
School readiness assessment is a prominent feature of early childhood education. Because the construct of readiness is multifaceted, we examined children's patterns on multiple indicators previously found to be both theoretically and empirically linked to school readiness: social skill, interactions with parents, problem behavior, and performance…
Descriptors: School Readiness, Early Childhood Education, Outcomes of Education, Predictive Validity