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Douglas, Karen – Educational Researcher, 2009
This commentary highlights convergent themes from four articles in the March 2009 issue of "Educational Researcher" on measuring classroom instruction. Classroom instruction is a complex enterprise that occurs at the intersection of teachers, students, and texts within the surrounding classroom, school, and community environments. Progress in…
Descriptors: Methods Research, Educational Research, Educational Researchers, Teaching Methods
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Warren, John Robert; Saliba, Jim – Educational Researcher, 2012
How many students repeat a grade each year? How do retention rates vary across states and over time? Despite extensive research on the predictors and consequences of grade retention, there is no systematic way to quantify state-level retention rates; even national estimates rely on imperfect proxy measures. We present a conceptually simple…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, School Holding Power, Public Education, National Surveys
Kennedy, Ann M., Ed.; Mullis, Ina V.S., Ed.; Martin, Michael O., Ed.; Trong, Kathleen L., Ed. – International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 2007
In the "PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) 2006 Encyclopedia," each participating country, 39 in total, describes its education system and the reading curriculum as it is intended to be taught, and outlines the polices and practices that guide reading instruction and teacher education. This in-depth, qualitative…
Descriptors: Textbooks, Reading Achievement, Library Facilities, Encyclopedias