ACT annually publishes score norms, also referred to as national ranks, derived from data on the most recent three cohorts of high school graduates who completed the ACT® assessment. These norms are not grade-specific and are calculated using each student's final ACT attempt in Grade 10, 11, or 12. National ranks are displayed on ACT score reports…

Researchers studying achievement goal orientations theory generally approached it with a domain-generic perspective. Learners' goals and motivation to learn, however, can vary by subject. This study examined the relationships among perceived parental goals, students' personal goals, and engagement in a subject-specific domain (mathematics…

Understanding students' mathematics mindset is valuable for fostering academic perseverance and promoting STEM engagement. This study investigates students' mathematics mindset from 5th to 12th grade and explores the influence of outside-of-school factors on their mindset development. Drawing on the framework of growth mindset, the research…

The purpose of this explanatory quantitative case study was to examine the relationship between service-learning, cognitive engagement, and self-efficacy for high school students. The study was conducted at a high school located in North Carolina. Fifty-one students in grades 10 to 12 participated in the study. All students in the study had…