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Direct linkDeepti Bora; Priyanka Patel; Maria Psyridou; Jenni Ruotsalainen; Ulla Richardson; Minna Torppa – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
Foundational literacy is a key lever for achieving higher levels of learning and societal wellbeing. However, with an enrolment of over 250 million children in schools, India is currently challenged by learning deprivation. Growing uptake of English-medium education along with less-than-optimal English literacy instruction practices present an…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 2, Second Language Learning
Ruiz-Funes, Marcela T. – Foreign Language Annals, 2020
This study reports on a small-scale, longitudinal investigation on L2 Spanish oral development by English-home language (EHL) learners in an English/Spanish Two-Way Immersion (TWI) program in rural, eastern United States. It examined EHL learners' oral ability in L2 Spanish based on longitudinal assessment data from Kindergarten, Grade 2, and…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Spanish, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Kovelman, Ioulia; Baker, Stephanie A.; Petitto, Laura-Ann – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2008
How does age of first bilingual language exposure affect reading development in children learning to read in both of their languages? Is there a reading advantage for monolingual English children who are educated in bilingual schools? We studied children (grades 2-3, ages 7-9) in "bilingual" Spanish-English schools who were either from…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Speech Communication, Bilingual Schools, Phonological Awareness
