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Mariëtte van Loon; Claudia M. Roebers – Metacognition and Learning, 2024
This study aims to understand individual differences between children in metacognitive monitoring and control processes and the developmental trajectories of metacognition over one year. Three indicators of procedural metacognition were used: monitoring accuracy (discrimination of confidence judgments between correct and incorrect test responses),…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Metacognition, Task Analysis, Individual Differences
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Esposito, Alena G.; Baker-Ward, Lynne – Bilingual Research Journal, 2013
This investigation is an initial examination of possible enhancement of executive function through a dual-language (50:50) education model. The ethnically diverse, low-income sample of 120 children from Grades K, 2, and 4 consisted of approximately equal numbers of children enrolled in dual-language and traditional classrooms. Dual-language…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Low Income, Executive Function, Elementary School Students
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Smiley, Patricia A.; Coulson, Sheri L.; Greene, Joelle K.; Bono, Katherine L. – Social Development, 2010
Individual differences in emotion, cognitions, and task choice following achievement failure are found among four- to seven-year-olds. However, neither performance deterioration during failure nor generalization after failure--aspects of the helpless pattern in 10-year-olds--have been reliably demonstrated in this age group. In the present study,…
Descriptors: Age, Individual Differences, Grade 2, Self Concept