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Santau, Alexandra O.; Maerten-Rivera, Jaime L.; Huggins, Anne Corinne – Science Education, 2011
As part of a 5-year professional development intervention aimed at improving science and literacy achievement of English language learning (ELL) students in urban elementary schools, this study examined fourth-grade students' science achievement across a 3-year (2005-2008) implementation of our professional development intervention consisting of…
Descriptors: Intervention, Achievement Gains, Second Language Learning, Teacher Workshops
Shaw, Barbara J.; Ruedas, Luis A. – Journal of Geoscience Education, 2012
Two-thirds of U.S. citizens do not understand the scientific process. There is a clear misunderstanding about what science is--and is not--both in our society and in the classroom. Furthermore, students below basic proficiency are locked into an achievement gap. In response, the No Child Left Behind Act was passed in 2001. Since then, there has…
Descriptors: Achievement Gap, National Competency Tests, Grade 3, Grade 4