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Direct linkSalvador, Samantha Kane; Schoeneberger, Jason; Tingle, Lynne; Algozzine, Bob – Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 2012
Oral reading fluency is a critical feature and outcome of early literacy instruction and it has amassed great attention as a powerful predictor of success at all levels of schooling. We examined relationships between second grade oral reading fluency scores and third grade end-of-grade reading achievement scores for students (N = 9562) in a large…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Fluency, Reading Achievement, Emergent Literacy
Liu, Fuchang – School Science and Mathematics, 2009
Four hundred and three 3rd- and 5th-grade Chinese students took the Multiplication Estimation Test or participated in the interview on it, designed to assess their computational estimation performance on whole-number multiplication. Students perform better when tasks are presented visually than orally. Third graders tend to use rounding based…
Descriptors: Mental Computation, Grade 5, Grade 3, Arithmetic
