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Transactional Development of Parental Beliefs and Academic Skills in Primary School
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Kikas, Eve; Mägi, Katrin – Early Child Development and Care, 2015
This study examined transactional development of mothers' beliefs (self-efficacy, success attributions of a child's success to maternal effort) and children's academic skills. Six hundred sixty-eight children and their mothers were evaluated twice: at the beginning of the first grade and at the end of the third grade. Mothers' beliefs were…
Descriptors: Mothers, Self Efficacy, Success, Child Rearing
Do Sensitive Parents Foster Kind Children, or Vice Versa? Bidirectional Influences between Children's Prosocial Behavior and Parental Sensitivity
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Newton, Emily K.; Laible, Deborah; Carlo, Gustavo; Steele, Joel S.; McGinley, Meredith – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Bidirectional theories of social development have been around for over 40 years (Bell, 1968), yet they have been applied primarily to the study of antisocial development. In the present study, the reciprocal relationship between parenting behavior and children's socially competent behaviors were examined. Using the National Institute of Child…
Descriptors: Parent Influence, Psychological Patterns, Prosocial Behavior, Child Development