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Harrison, Gina L. – Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics / Revue canadienne de linguistique appliquée, 2021
A collection of cognitive, linguistic, and spelling measures were administered to third-grade English L1 and L2 learners. To capture formative assessments of children's developing mental graphemic representations (MGRs), spelling errors in isolation were subjected to analysis across three metrics: (1) Phonological constrained; (2)…
Descriptors: Error Analysis (Language), Scoring, Spelling, Oral Language
Kim, Young-Suk; Al Otaiba, Stephanie; Wanzek, Jeanne; Gatlin, Brandy – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2015
We had 3 aims in the present study: (a) to examine the dimensionality of various evaluative approaches to scoring writing samples (e.g., quality, productivity, and curriculum-based measurement [CBM] writing scoring), (b) to investigate unique language and cognitive predictors of the identified dimensions, and (c) to examine gender gap in the…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Gender Differences, Curriculum Based Assessment, Scoring
Kim, Young-Suk; Al Otaiba, Stephanie; Wanzek, Jeanne; Gatlin, Brandy – Grantee Submission, 2015
We had 3 aims in the present study: (a) to examine the dimensionality of various evaluative approaches to scoring writing samples (e.g., quality, productivity, and curriculum-based measurement [CBM] writing scoring), (b) to investigate unique language and cognitive predictors of the identified dimensions, and (c) to examine gender gap in the…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Gender Differences, Curriculum Based Assessment, Scoring
Armbruster, Bonnie B.; Lehr, Fran; Osborn, Jean – National Institute for Literacy, 2006
The road to becoming a reader begins the day a child is born and continues through the end of third grade. At that point, a child must read with ease and understanding to take advantage of the learning opportunities in fourth grade and beyond--in school and in life. Learning to read and write starts at home, long before children go to school. Very…
Descriptors: Literacy Education, Written Language, Oral Language, Caregivers