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Wang, Tzu-Ling; Tseng, Yi-Kuan – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2018
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of experimenting with physical manipulatives alone, virtual manipulatives alone, and virtual preceding physical manipulatives (combination environment) on third-grade students' science achievement and conceptual understanding in the domain of state changes of water, focusing…
Descriptors: Manipulative Materials, Computer Simulation, Grade 3, Elementary School Students
Ericsson, Ann Carlson – Eurydice, 2008
The Swedish school system comprises: (1) Pre-primary school (Forskola), typical age 1-5; (2) Preschool class in the compulsory school (Grundskola) typical age 6 (participation voluntary); (3) Compulsory school, typical age 7-16, grades 1-9, and (4) Upper secondary school, 17 programmes (4 mainly academic, 13 vocational), typical age 16-19, grades…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Assessment, Educational Testing, Standardized Tests