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Lóa Björk Jóelsdóttir; Pernille Bødtker Sunde; Peter Sunde; Paul Andrews – Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2024
Motivated by a curriculum privileging number-based strategies but national tests highlighting students' reliance on standard algorithms, this study analyses 2,216 Danish Grade 3, 6 and 8 students' solutions to various multidigit arithmetic tasks, each designed to elicit shortcut strategies, against background variables including sex, ethnicity and…
Descriptors: Mathematical Concepts, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Achievement, Foreign Countries
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Reynolds, Matthew R.; Sander, Janay B.; Irvin, Matthew J. – School Psychology Quarterly, 2010
The trajectories of internalizing and interpersonal behaviors from kindergarten through fifth grade were studied using univariate and bivariate latent curve models. Internalizing behaviors demonstrated a small, yet statistically significant, linear increase over time, while interpersonal behaviors showed a small, yet statistically significant,…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Competence, Antisocial Behavior, Elementary School Students, Age Differences