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Mannamaa, Mairi; Kikas, Eve; Peets, Katlin; Palu, Anu – Educational Psychology, 2012
Math achievement is not a unidimensional construct but includes different skills that require different cognitive abilities. The focus of this study was to examine associations between a number of cognitive abilities and three domains of math skills (knowing, applying and problem solving) simultaneously in a multivariate framework. Participants…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Phonological Awareness, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
Kikas, Eve; Peets, Katlin; Palu, Anu; Afanasjev, Juri – Educational Psychology, 2009
In this study, we examined the development of maths skills in 269 Estonian primary school children (119 boys and 150 girls; 20 classes). Testing was carried out over a three-year period (Grade 1-Grade 3). Before the last testing session, children's verbal skills and motivational orientations were also tested. In addition, teachers evaluated…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Testing, Verbal Ability, Grade 3