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Layes, Smail; Lalonde, Robert; Rebaï, Mohamed – Reading & Writing Quarterly, 2017
This study explored the role and extent of the involvement of morphological awareness (MA) in contrast to rapid automatized naming (RAN) in word reading and comprehension of Arabic as a morphologically based orthography. We gave measures of word reading, reading comprehension, MA, and RAN in addition to a nonverbal mental ability test to 3 groups…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Grade 4, Dyslexia, Elementary School Students
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Lowrie, Tom; Diezmann, Carmel M. – Journal of Educational Research, 2007
The authors investigated the performance of 172 Grade 4 students (9 to 10 years) over 12 months on a 36-item test that comprised items from 6 distinct graphical languages (e.g., maps) commonly used to convey mathematical information. Results revealed (a) difficulties in Grade 4 students' capacity to decode a variety of graphics, (b) significant…
Descriptors: Grade 4, Grade 5, Spatial Ability, Gender Differences