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Direct linkHushman, Carolyn J.; Marley, Scott C. – Journal of Educational Research, 2015
The authors investigated whether the amount of instructional guidance affects science learning and self-efficacy. Sixty 9- and 10-year-old children were randomly assigned to one of the following three instructional conditions: (a) guided instruction consisting of examples and student-generated explanations, (b) direct instruction consisting of a…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Self Efficacy, Science Education, Science Instruction
Strand-Cary, Mari; Klahr, David – Cognitive Development, 2008
We explore the immediate and longer term consequences of different types of instruction about a central topic in middle school science: the "Control of Variables Strategy" (CVS). CVS represents the procedural and conceptual basis for designing simple, unconfounded experiments, such that unambiguous causal inferences can be made. CVS…
Descriptors: Outcomes of Education, Longitudinal Studies, Elementary School Science, Science Achievement
