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Direct linkHushman, Carolyn J.; Marley, Scott C. – Journal of Educational Research, 2015
The authors investigated whether the amount of instructional guidance affects science learning and self-efficacy. Sixty 9- and 10-year-old children were randomly assigned to one of the following three instructional conditions: (a) guided instruction consisting of examples and student-generated explanations, (b) direct instruction consisting of a…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Self Efficacy, Science Education, Science Instruction
Lorch, Robert F., Jr.; Lorch, Elizabeth P.; Calderhead, William J.; Dunlap, Emily E.; Hodell, Emily C.; Freer, Benjamin Dunham – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Students (n = 797) from 36 4th-grade classrooms were taught the control of variables strategy for designing experiments. In the instruct condition, classes were taught in an interactive lecture format. In the manipulate condition, students worked in groups to design and run experiments to determine the effects of four variables. In the both…
Descriptors: Lecture Method, Experiments, Predictor Variables, Pretests Posttests
