Primary school students rely heavily on textbooks for instruction. Using the variety of textbooks, a description of the theme textbooks' linguistic quality is conspicuously absent, particularly for students in the fifth grade. Language fit for students' growth, communicative language, and coherence and cohesiveness were all included in this…

There are barriers that interfere with parental involvement in their children's education in many schools in the U.S. However, additional barriers are often encountered by immigrant parents across our country. This investigation proposes practices that will better serve this population and reduce the barriers that affect their school engagement.…

Language and communication are a core aspect of teaching and learning in mathematics, and teacher dialogue is central to this. As part of a larger project that explores how mathematics classroom language is impacted by standardised testing, this paper explores how two teachers use language in "redirecting," "progressing," and…

High school graduation rates for students who are culturally and linguistically diverse and exceptional (CLDE) lag behind their peers (Civic Enterprises, 2017). Solutions for increasing the academic achievement of students who are CLDE call for their increased engagement through a rigorous curriculum, maximizing time on task, and fostering…

This study investigated a new conversation-based assessment for English language learners. In this assessment, students converse with animated agents in natural language conversations to assess various aspects of English language learning. In a between subjects design, 31 students (N = 31) were asked questions by either the newly created system or…

Grounded in sociocultural models of learning, this study explores structures for participation and types of interaction that occur during the performance of technology-assisted tasks in a science classroom to detail some of the opportunities for learning made available to English learners (ELs) and some practices that might constitute effective…

This case study aimed to determine the nature of student interactions in small groups in an elementary classroom utilizing the Science Writing Heuristic approach. Fifth grade students were audio-recorded over four units of study while working in small groups to generate knowledge claims after conducting student-directed investigations. Analysis…