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Figlio, David N.; Rouse, Cecilia E.; Schlosser, Analia – Urban Institute (NJ1), 2009
The relatively poor academic achievement of black and Hispanic students has been a national concern since the passage of the "Elementary Secondary and Education Act" in 1963. Frustrated with relatively slow progress in closing these educational gaps, the most recent reauthorization of the ESEA, the "No Children Left Behind Act of…
Descriptors: Incentives, Economically Disadvantaged, Academic Achievement, Grading
Ballou, Dale; Springer, Matthew G. – Urban Institute (NJ1), 2009
Under the No Child Left Behind Act, states have been required to set minimum proficiency standards that virtually all students must meet by 2014. Sanctions of increasing severity are to be applied to schools that fail to meet interim targets, known as Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP). The authors examine the effect of this legislation using…
Descriptors: Sanctions, Federal Legislation, Educational Assessment, Educational Improvement