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Direct linkYu-Cin Jian; Leo Yuk Ting Cheung – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
This study aimed to investigate whether elementary school students have different reading strategies based on various levels of text-diagram integrative processing and whether these reading strategies remain consistent or change over a three-year period. The study followed 176 students from grades four to six and observed their eye movements while…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6
Kato, Kentaro; Moen, Ross E.; Thurlow, Martha L. – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2009
Large data sets from a state reading assessment for third and fifth graders were analyzed to examine differential item functioning (DIF), differential distractor functioning (DDF), and differential omission frequency (DOF) between students with particular categories of disabilities (speech/language impairments, learning disabilities, and emotional…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Language Impairments, Behavior Disorders, Affective Behavior
