Many U.S. students possess only a weak knowledge of fraction arithmetic. I hypothesize that textbooks are a critical reason for students' poor performance on fraction arithmetic. This is not because of what textbooks contain but rather because of what they lack. Distributions of fraction arithmetic problems in textbooks are imbalanced, with…

This study examines presentations of the distributive property (DP) in two widely used U.S. elementary text series and one main Chinese text series along three dimensions: problem contexts, typical problem types within each problem context, and variability in using the DP. In general, the two U.S. texts were found to resemble each other but to…

This textbook is a fifth-grade course in arithmetic. It contains a review of the work done in Book IV, the extension of the principles taught there to more difficult problems, and a few new topics. Notation and numeration receive more attention. The work in fractions is extended to include multiplication and division, using only small…

This textbook presents an arithmetic course that seeks to adapt the subject matter to the experiences, interests, and immediate needs of children, and to provide means for a mastery of the formal phases of arithmetic through more scientifically organized drills. This series consists of three books: Primary (ED622333), Intermediate, and Advanced…

This textbook is second in a series of arithmetic books that apply the principles discovered by the psychology of learning, by experimental education, and by the observation of successful school practice, to the teaching of arithmetic. Parts One and Two are intended for grades five and six respectively. Part One provides for mastery of the four…

This textbook is part of a series that aims to develop all the mathematical power needed by the average person in the accurate control of his affairs. The purpose has been to teach first the most important topics of arithmetic and last those least frequently used. In addition to giving the child all the fundamental skills of calculation, room has…

This document contains the second volume of the proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 60 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Abr…